The acausal bond graph of system Pipe is
displayed in Figure 6.5 (on page ) and its label
file is listed in Section 6.1.6 (on page ).
The subsystems are listed in Section 6.1.6 (on page ).
The Pipe component represents one way flow of incompressible
fluid though a pipe. Externally, it has true energy bonds: /
(Pressure/volume-flow) representing hydraulic energy and /(Temperature/Entropy-flow) representing convected thermal energy.
Internally, however, the thermal part is represented by a pseudo bond
graph which computes the flow of internal energy from the
upstream temperature and the volumetric flow rate as:
(6.1)
The component makes the component use rather than
.
The two ES components provide the conversion from true to
psuedo thermal bonds and vice versa.
The pipe has an resistance to flow represented by the RS
component labeled `r' which can be linear or nonlinear. The hydraulic
energy loss reappears on the thermal bond of this (energy-conserving)
RS component.